Electric-arc lamp.



No. 769,842. PATENTED SEPT. 13, 1904. F. SINDINGOHRISTENSEN. ELECTRICARC LAMP.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 29, 1903. v NO MODEL. G 2 SHEETS-SHEET l. H I

F|G.l.

I I 71? S (/7 V U K WITNESSES: I |NVENTOR ATTORNEY UNITED STATESPatented September 13, 1904,

PATENT OFFICE.

ELECTRIC-ARC LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 769,842, datedSeptember 13, 1904.

Application filed September 29, 1903. Serial No. 175,054. (No model.)

T0 11 whom it rnney concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERIK SINDING- CHRISTENSEN, a subject of the Kingof Denmark, residing at New York city, borough of Brooklyn, county ofKings, State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Arc-Lamps, of which the following is a specification.

Electric-arc lamps in their simplest form are provided with two carbons,which are usually arranged vertically in the same axial line, and one ofsaid carbons adapted to be moved relatively to the other to strike andmaintain the arc.

In my improved arc-lamp two verticallydisposed carbons are employed,each disposed at an angle to the other and adjustable as regards eachother, or, preferably, two vertically-disposed angularly-arranged andrelatively-adjustable carbons and a third vertically disposed fixedcarbon or other body which may be rendered incandescent situated betweenthe angularly-arranged adjustable carbons.

The objects of my invention are to decrease the cost of construction,prevent vibration of the carbons and mechanism where an alternatingcurrent is employed, do away with the objectionable shadow caused by theusual lower carbon, and where two carbons and a body which may berendered incandescent are employed increase the light-giving power ofthe lamp.

In an arc-lamp employing two carbons the effective light is due to theare formed between the two carbons. In my improved arclamp where twocarbons and a body which may be rendered incandescent are employed theefiective light is due to the are formed between the angularly disposedadjustable carbons and to the incandescence of the third carbon or otherbody.

The accompanying drawings show my invention as embodied in analternating arclamp employing three carbons.

Figure l is a vertical section on the line 1 l of Fig. 2 with thecontrolling-magnet connected in shunt. Fig. 2 is a plan view. Fig. 3 isa side View, looking from the left, of the top of the lamp. Fig. 4. is avertical section on the line 4 i of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a sectioncorresponding to Fig. 4 with the controllingmagnet arranged for a seriesconnection.

In the drawings, A represents the base-plate of the lamp. Suitablysupported above the base-plate is a controlling-magnet B. This magnet inFigs. 1 to 4 is shown as connected in shunt with the leads C D and inFig. 5 for connection in series with the leads C D.

Pivotally mounted in brackets E, depending from opposite sides of themagnet B, Fig. l, or at the ends of a horizontal arm F, carried by abracket G, projecting upward from the top of the magnet B, are thearmatures H I. Secured to the lower curved ends of the armatures H I andangularly disposed as regards each other are the carbon-holders J K.Carried in these carbon-holders are the carbons L M.

Depending from the bracket Gr, situated above the magnet B, is a rod N,to the lower end of which is connected a third holder, 0, carrying acarbon or other body P, which may be rendered incandescent. Projectinghorizontally from the top of the rod N, Fig. 1, are stops Q, which serveto limit the inward movement of the armatures H I.

Pivotally connected to each of the carbonholders J K are the airdash-pots R S, which serve to retard the movement of the armature H I.The carbon-holders J K are respectively connected in shunt, Figs. 1, 2,3, and 4., (in series, Fig. 5,) with the leads C D through thecontact-plates T. The rod N, holder 0, and body P are not connected inthe lamp-circuit.

Depending from the base of the lamp is a threaded annulus U, whichcoacts with a similar annulus V, which serves as a support for theoblong inclosing globe WV. The operating mechanism on the top of thelamp is covered by a casing X. The lamp is supported by means of apivoted bail Y.

The operation of the lamp will be readily understood.

In the construction shown in Fig. 1 the carbons L M, the lamp being ashunt-lamp, are

normally separated. When a current is turned on to the lamp, thearmatures H I are uniformly magnetized and repel each other, therebydrawing the lower end of the carbons toward each other and into contactwith the third carbon or other slightly conductive body which may berendered incandescent to strike the arc. WV hen the arc is struck, aportion of the current is diverted from the magnet B, which partiallydemagnetizes the armatures H I and permits them to approach each other,thus regulating the distance between the carbons L M as the carbons areconsumed.

In the construction shown in Fig. 5 the carbons L M are normally incontact, and'when the current is sent through the magnet B the armaturesH I, as in the case of the shuntlamp, repel each other, but, owing totheir having a different pivotal position, serve to draw the carbons L Mapart, and thus strike the arc. When the arc isformed, the current sentthrough the magnet B is decreased, the armatures H I partiallydemagnetized, which allows them to approach each other as before, andthus regulate the distance between the carbons as the carbons areconsumed. When the arc is formed between the carbons L M, the body P isheated, rendered incandescent, and its conductivity increased. The bodyP when rendered incandescent radiates light and also serves, by reasonof the conductivity of the body, to decrease the resistance between thecarbons L M, and thus aid in the regulation of the lamp, and, further,by reason of the light emitted from the incandescence of the body P, toin a measure regulate, or, in other words, cover, the variations inlight emitted from the are between the carbons L M and due to theirrelative movement in feeding.

I wish to have it understood that my improved arc-lamp may be used withbut two carbons or two carbons and a body which may be renderedincandescentsuch, for instance, as carbon, carbon and clay, metal andclay, slightly conductive material composed of the refractory earths,such as thorium cerium, &c.and, further, that the mechanism shown anddescribed for effecting the relative movement of the carbons L M may bevaried without departing from the intent of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, I claim" 1. An electric-arc lampembodying in its construction, a solenoidal magnet, a pair of armaturessituated and movable within the cavity of said solenoid, and a pair ofcarbons carried by said armatures and angularly disposed as regards eachother.

2. An electric-arc lamp embodying in its construction, a solenoidalmagnet, apair of armatures situated within the cavity of said solenoid,but pivoted exterior thereto, and a pair of carbons carried by saidarmatures and angularly disposed as regards each other.

3. An electric-arc lamp embodying in its construction, a solenoidalmagnet, having its tubular cavity arranged vertically, a pair ofarmatures situated in said tubular cavity, and a pair of carbons carriedby said armatures and angularly disposed as regards each other.

4. An electric-arc lamp embodying in its construction, a solenoidalmagnet having its tubular cavity arranged vertically, a rod and a pairof pivoted armatures situated in said tubular cavity, and a pair ofcarbons carried by said armatures and angularly disposed as regards eachother.

5. An electric-arc lamp embodying in its construction, a solenoidalmagnet, a bracket situated over the magnet, a rod or holder clependingfrom the bracket, a pair of movable armatures arranged on each side ofthe rod or holder, and within the cavity of the solenoid, and a pair ofangularly-disposed carbons carried by said armatures.

6. An electric-arc lamp embodying in its construction, a solenoid, abracket arranged over the cavity of the'solenoid, a rod or holderdepending from said bracket, a pair of armatures one on each side ofsaid rod or holder, and pivoted exterior to the magnet, carbonholdersdepending from said armatures, and carbonsin said holders.

7 An electric-arc lamp embodying in its construction, a solenoidalmagnet, a bracket over the magnet, a holder depending from the bracket,a fusible body carried by said holder, a pair of armatures on each sideof said holder and pivoted exterior to said solenoid, a holder carriedby each armature, and a carbon carried by each holder.

8. An electric-arc lamp embodying in its construction, a solenoidalmagnet, a bracket over the magnet, a holder carried by thebracket,insulated stops mounted on the holder, a pair of armatures oneach side of said holder and pivoted exterior to the solenoid, a holdercarried by each armature, and a carbon carried by each holder.

9. An electric-arc lamp embodying in its construction, a solenoidalmagnet, a pair of armatures situated and movable within the cavity ofsaid solenoid, a pair of carbons carried by said armatures and angularlydisposed as regards each other, and a fusible body situated between saidcarbons.

10. An electric-arc lamp embodying in its construction, a solenoidalmagnet, a pair of armatures situated and movable within the cavity ofsaid solenoid, a pair of-carbons carried by said armatures and angularlydisposed as regards each other, and a third carbon body interposedbetween said carbons.

11. An electric-arc lamp embodying in its construction, a solenoidalmagnet, a pair of pivoted armatures mounted in the interior of themagnet, carbon-holders carried by said armatures, carbons in saidcarbon-holders, and

III

means for checking the movement of the arfor dampening the movement ofsaid arma- Inatures. tures.

12. An electric-arc lamp embodying in its In testimony WhereofI afiix mysignature in construction, asolenoidal magnet, a pair of arthe presenceof two Witnesses.

5 matures Within said magnet, means for limit- FREDERIKSINDINGOHRISTENSEN.

ing the inward movement of the upper ends of Witnesses: said armatures,a pair of carbons mounted on J. E. PEARSON, the lower ends of saidarmatures, and means FRANK OCoNNoR.

